The role of special physical preparedneds in the competitive performance of dancesport athletes

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. Existing scientific literature primarily focuses on the technical component, which highlights the high level of technique used in performing competitive programs and the incorporation of auxiliary exercises that reflect current trends in dancesport development, where athletes (dancers) are improving their skills. With the changes and richness of movements in the content of the competitive program, the physical fitness of athletes is increasingly becoming a focus. The primary aim of the study is to determine the role of specialized physical fitness of dancesport athletes in competitive activities.

Material and methods. The study included a pedagogical experiment and a comparative analysis of the results of the level of special physical fitness of sports dance athletes. The experiment involved a control group (CG) and a main group (OG), each of which consisted of 7 sports couples (n=14) of the "Juvenile" category of sports dances with experience in competitive activities. The results of sports couples in competitive activities did not affect the formation of the control and main groups. Each group had the same number of training sessions (5) in a weekly microcycle. The content of the training process of the main group included functional training, which was supposed to contribute to an increase in the level of special physical fitness of athletes of the "Juvenile" category. The educational and training process in the control group was carried out according to the traditional training methodology. To determine the state of development of the problem, theoretical methods and analysis of competitive activity based on video recordings were used. Statistical analysis of the study indicators was carried out using Student's t-test.

Results. During the pedagogical experiment a significant increase (9.1%) in the performance indicators of the experimental group was observed compared to the results of the control group when sports dance athletes performed special tests to match the content of the competitive programs of the "Juvenile" category.

Conclusions. Based on the study's topic, we note the special role of specialized physical fitness in dancesport athletes in performing competitive routines. A dancesport competition routine has a clearly structured choreographic component with a specific musical tempo. Test 6 “Performance of the competitive program “Jive” non-stop, number of times” shows high dynamics of the result in the main group compared to the dynamics of performance in the control group. This demonstrates the effectiveness of functional training, performed at a medium and high tempo, in the study group's training process. This improves endurance, which in our case is the dominant component of specialized physical fitness in dancesport athletes in the Juvenile category.